In this tale, a young man named Konts sees a vast cloud of smoke coming from Ambra Mountain. The rising smoke is due to a fire lit up by Tangapa, a woman from the village of Ayamp.
Fascinated, Konts embarks on a journey to court Tangapa. His pursuit leads him through challenging terrain. Despite facing obstacles, Konts remains determined to reach his goal. His unwavering spirit guides him through ever-changing landscapes, from towns and villages to mountains and rivers.
Finally, Konts arrives at his destination, Mount Ambra, where he meets Tangapa. Their hearts connect, and they decide to marry. Together, they embark on a journey back, visiting the same remarkable places and others. Their love deepens with each step, leading them to Konts' homeland, the verdant Ambukl.
Blessed with two sons, Manki and Laki, Konts’ family thrives. Konts, resourceful as ever, seeks support from his family for his sons' marriages. Their collective efforts yield a substantial bridewealth payment, and his family multiplies like the toes on a litter of piglets.
"Laki" comes from the Tok Pisin word laki, 'lucky'.
911.
kang kai-we kaniyl-na
912.
bi tal tepa mudupa
913.
i kapola mari tekin a
914.
kange-nga temani-nga nyirim a
915.
i kapola mari tekin a
916.
kang kayi kanu-tal e
917.
kang tal au liringl e
918.
kang tal-nga pel molungli kolya-ma
919.
lapa-nga yi nai a
920.
kang abul kod melayl-n e
921.
pengli kolya meri manya kanu-ma
922.
plen-ma nunu lirim a
923.
lyipa-a nosipa mel a
924.
i kapola mari tekin a
925.
pilyini kub nabolka nyini-ya
926.
kanini kub nabolka nyini-ya
927.
paku am punya pupa molupa a
928.
am bo punya tepa lupa mudu topa a
929.
gai punya mong tepa lupu mudupa
930.
ul-ma tepa nosipa
931.
kang tal au liringl e
932.
kang kayi-we kanitil e
933.
ok e molku mel e
934.
midipu-nga pekim yi ma-na
935.
[ng]kulka pekim yi ma-na
936.
kopia kubuka pekim yi-ma-n a
937.
ab kunana lku pukumul nyiring
938.
kang tal elti pamiyl nyiringl
939.
i kapola mari tekin e
940.
lku tuku pupa mulurum-mel-ma
941.
tolubuna gintepa a
942.
kulyana bi turum e
943.
abul kang kod mel-ayl-n e
944.
kang magi-laki tal
945.
elti kolya tena pukubil nyirim
946.
na ilyi-nga pukur nyirim a
947.
ab kunana nyimulu pumulu e
948.
olyo yi wai tumul-ma
949.
ya ilyi-nga molymeli nyirim a
950.
i kapola mari tekin nyiba
951.
kang kayi we kaniyl-na
952.
elsa payl nyiba
953.
anum kaniyl mulurum
954.
anum nga lapa mely tal a
955.
elselse molkul mel a
956.
mari konanga mengli akumanga
957.
akumanga ung tor tok molkula a
958.
lkusuku-a molkum mel a
959.
kang tal kunana nyil e
960.
adal e uringl mel a
961.
kunana ekedunga nyik puring e
962.
ab molupa ekedunga pena urum a
963.
ab ekedunga lkudu urum e
964.
puku topa lku-du pupa e
965.
ab wang ilyinga molupa a
966.
ab wang ilyinga molupa a
967.
nyiba kodunga lku-d oba
968.
nyiba ekedunga pena oba a
969.
nyiba poransa- molkula
970.
elsi kelip lku-d obulu nyik
971.
ok-a moluringl kanukin e
972.
ab tal ai liringl e
973.
elti nar-na pungli nyirim e
974.
tata yi kit wely-na
975.
elti tolymaly toba nyiringl e
976.
olto-nga yi ung naa pilyilymayl-n e
977.
elti toba mel nyiringl e
978.
na kung mel-ma naa lelym e
979.
elsi kelkik aji payl nyirim
980.
pilyi kelkil uringl kanapa
981.
i kapola mari tekin a
982.
taka takan ok payl nyirim
983.
ok kubi lek puring-mel e
984.
meri kani mek uringl e
985.
anum-nga kaniyl molupa a
986.
kang elti tingl mel nar nyirim
987.
oltu i tep okubul nyiringl e
988.
na lku tapa-na pely nyirim a
989.
mel-ma naa lelym a
990.
kayi kanak okubil ilyi-kin
991.
elti na boni lyingl e
992.
elti ab wenepu tal a
993.
kanak kayi pilyik ungl nyirim a
994.
i kapola mari tekin a
995.
elti akuna molayl nyiba a
996.
montupa mel kanuma
997.
kanab taka nyiba
998.
abul yi kod melayl e
999.
mul ilyi mangarum-mel e
1000.
mul ilyi mangarum-mel e
1001.
kolya kanuma mangapa mudupa
1002.
mel-mari lyipa meba
1003.
yabu lyipa meba oba
1004.
ab tal ungl molybel a
1005.
kuiyma ekepu tibu nyirim a
1006.
yabu-nga ka kanuma
1007.
terip-nga tarip turum a
1008.
ekepu-nga wal tirim a
1009.
i kapola mari tekin a
1010.
tulupi-nga talapi turum a
1011.
nu taka molui nyiba
1012.
mim tepa notupa mel e
1013.
meba tuku tuku oba molupa
1014.
kumu topa notupa mel e
1015.
ku moni tausen kanuma e
1016.
kung kap palyinga kanuma e
1017.
lyipa-a mudupa mel e
1018.
kang tal-nga ab tal e
1019.
kuima tipa mudurum mel e
1020.
aku talu-n kalku lyiringl-ma e
1021.
wale kung pa nyirim e
1022.
wale kung moku pirim a
1023.
nu taka molui nyiba a
1024.
kanab-a taka nyiba a
1025.
kayi-nga we kaniyl-n a
1026.
olumá ngel nyirim a
1027.
lupal-nga tom turum a
1028.
nu mel we akily e
1029.
nu ilyi-nga molui nyiba a
1030.
abul yi kod kaniyl-n a
1031.
ab kanutal lyipa molupa e
1032.
elti ilyi-nga pek molayl nyirim
1033.
i kapola mari tekibil-o
1034.
nunu lupu pirim a
1035.
i kapola mari tekin a
1036.
kayi-nga mon kaniyl e
1037.
kanab-a taka-a nyirim a
1038.
lopal-nga ing nyirim a
1039.
oluma ngel nyirim a
1040.
nu taka molui nyiba
1041.
abul yi kod kaniyl-na
1042.
elti ekep pek molayl a
1043.
kalap lyip mudurud kanuma
1044.
waru kupa punglau nyirim a
1045.
waru kupa duwi nyirim a
1046.
nu kapola tekin nyirim a
1047.
komyanga pul kanuma a
1048.
lku keripul-na ola lirim kanuma
1049.
wal kung mok pirim a
1050.
mong lyipa mudurum kanuma
1051.
popurum-a medi turum a
1052.
toib nyiba medi urum a
1053.
popurum-a wintí turum a
1054.
toib nyiba wintí urum a
1055.
biyak nyiba arlting purum a
1056.
biyak nyiba yad urum a
1057.
[ng] i kapola mari tekin a
1058.
kanab-a taka nyiba a
1059.
yabu kala- mudurum kanuma
1060.
ekepu ilyi pepa molkum e
1061.
i kapola mari tekin e
1062.
konta mong rltup rltap a
1063.
dalu mong kerikar a
1064.
aku na pora nyikim a
1065.
ilyi-nga oba mak pekim e
1.
Shouting 'Oh Mother, Oh me!'
2.
He jumped up and ran outside.
3.
He jumped and came into the house.
4.
He removed his banana leaf apron
5.
And put on his cordyline kilt.
i
Commonly grown both in New Guinea and elsewhere as decorative house plants, cordyline leaves–pulu–are also used in the New Guinea Highlands as colorful garb, hung from the belt.
6.
Well done, my lad, well done!
7.
As I watched he went on his way
8.
Headed for Koroka Mountain.
9.
He climbed to the top and stayed
10.
With a jaw's harp in one hand
11.
And a bamboo flute in the other.
12.
As I watched he went on his way.
13.
Where he smoked his tobacco and spat
14.
Fields of tobacco plants sprouted
15.
And the smoke that went up in the sky
16.
Billowed like clouds 'round the mountain.
17.
Well done, my lad, well done!
18.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds
i
This line is an example of a formula: a set phase that is often repeated in tom yaya performances, as is found in many oral traditions of verbal art around the world. For discussion, see section 3 of our Introduction to tom yaya kange.
19.
And a good one it is indeed.
20.
Well done, my lad, well done!
21.
When he'd jumped and dashed into the house
22.
He said "Mother, who are you?"
23.
He said "Father, who are you?
24.
This big fat boar of mine
25.
I'll kill and roast tomorrow."
26.
"So where are you planning to go?"
27.
"I want to go this way" he said,
28.
Over to Ambra Mountain.
29.
On its distant slope fires were burning.
30.
On its nearer slope fires burned too.
31.
The woman from Ayamp called Tangapa
32.
Had gone up Ambra Mountain
33.
And lit all of those fires herself.
34.
They billowed like clouds round the mountain.
35.
He just couldn't wait to get going
36.
Splendid young lad that he was.
37.
He jumped and dashed into the house.
38.
"Oh Mother, what woman are you?
39.
Oh father, what man are you?
40.
That one big boar of mine
41.
I'll kill and roast" he said.
42.
"All right then" said the father,
43.
"You can kill and roast it tomorrow."
44.
When they heated the stones for the earth oven
i
"Earth ovens" are roasting pits lined with banana leaves, in which sides of pork are cooked (along with vegetables and greens) by sealing them with heated stones, the filled pit being covered with banana leaves topped weighted down with soil. For details, see Sillitoe (1988).
45.
The people across the Nebilyer
i
The Nebiyer River is a big, turbulent one that flows through the middle of the Nebilyer Valley where Kont lives.
46.
Felt the vapors that rose from the ground.
47.
The sun shone all 'round the land.
48.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
49.
Now that splendid young man
50.
Had jumped and dashed into the house.
51.
He'd slept and when it was dawn
52.
He jumped and dashed into the house.
53.
And as for that big fat boar,
54.
At the place where the club would strike
55.
A little pool appeared.
56.
Well done, my lad, well done!
57.
I can just see those big pieces!
58.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
59.
You will hear, it went like this.
60.
He jumped and dashed into the house.
61.
And as for that big fat boar,
62.
He really gave it the club.
63.
The blood just gushed and gushed.
64.
The people across the Nebilyer
65.
Felt it raining down upon them.
66.
They had to put up their umbrellas.
67.
But the people this side of the Nebilyer
68.
Felt the vapors that rose from the ground.
69.
It was pleasantly cool and shady.
70.
"This is really going well" he said.
71.
He jumped and dashed into the house.
72.
And as for that big one of his
73.
As for that mara wood log
74.
He split it and stored all the pieces
75.
Then stacked them up on the fire
76.
And onto that mother of fires
77.
Put the carcass to singe off the bristles.
78.
He took it all into the house.
79.
The Melpa-style knife called mos
80.
Said "I want to carve it myself".
81.
"No, the Melpa are eaters of humans.
82.
The Melpa are eaters of worms.
83.
So you shut up" he said,
84.
He, that bamboo knife from Meam.
85.
Then he carefully took down the carcass
86.
And started to work on the forequarters.
87.
First he cut out the tongue
88.
And then he cut the throat.
89.
Well done, good on you, well done!
90.
Then he started to work on the hindquarters.
91.
He severed the gut at the bottom
92.
And broke off the legs at the joints.
93.
He stayed there and looked at his work.
94.
Then the chervil herb plant called out
i
The kim kuni or 'chervel' plant is a herb similar to parsley, which is regularly used when cooking pork in earth ovens.
95.
"Is that red meat for me?"
96.
"Now you just keep quiet" he said.
97.
"If you come up too close and beg
98.
While I'm carving I'll cut off my hand."
99.
Then in Enga he said "Use your eyes".
i
Enga is a language spoken in a region to the northwest of Ku Waru, as shown in map 3 of the Introduction.
100.
"He's talking about my eyes.
101.
I'm looking at you." he said.
102.
Well done, good on you, well done!
103.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
104.
Then the skewering stick called out
105.
"Is that red meat for me?"
106.
"Now you just keep quiet!" he said.
107.
"If you come up too close and beg
108.
While I'm carving I'll cut off my hand."
109.
What a splendid carcuss it was!
110.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
111.
As the pig was being carved
112.
The snout made the eyes appear small
113.
And the eyes made the snout appear small.
114.
The two enormous ears
115.
Were pointing forward like fingers.
116.
Well done, my lad, well done!
117.
"Now you just keep quiet!" said Konts.
118.
He jumped and dashed into the house.
119.
"Oh Mother what woman are you?
120.
Oh father what man are you?
121.
Please heat up the oven stones" he said.
122.
"Oh Mother what woman are you?
123.
Please wash the pig's innards
124.
Down by Jimi" he said.
i
The Jimi is a river about 90 km to the north of where Konts lives. Konts’s reference to it here is fanciful.
125.
Well done, my lad, well done.
126.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
127.
“You can go this way”, he said.
128.
And then that splendid young lad
129.
When he'd told them all of that
130.
Stayed and went on with his carving
131.
And heated the stones on the fire.
132.
There were heaps of fine tulumump bananas
133.
Glistening, with unblemished skins
134.
As if they had just been rained on.
135.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
136.
There were stacks of komiya cordyline leaves.
137.
There were stacks of terma bananas.
138.
Well done, my lad, well done.
139.
There were heaps of choice edible ferns.
140.
There were heaps of kut and kopia leaves
141.
And heaps of komiya cordyline leaves.
142.
And taking those komiya leaves
143.
He checked them and left just the best.
144.
They all looked like pigs' cloven hooves.
145.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
146.
Those cordyline tassels just dazzled
147.
As he cut them and took them out
148.
In the back they stuck out straight.
149.
And as for that fat one of his,
150.
It steadily cooked away.
151.
You will hear, it went like this.
152.
There were acres of choice plantains
153.
That he'd bundled and left to grow ripe.
154.
There were stands of little white mushrooms.
155.
And when he cut down plantains
156.
The bundling cord complained.
157.
The sugar cane post complained
158.
"Now don't you make a noise!
159.
A lady has made me a fire
160.
And I'm getting ready to go".
161.
Well done, my lad, well done!
162.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
163.
That splendid young fellow spoke up
164.
And shouted resoundingly "I!
165.
Mother what woman are you?
166.
I'll take the roast pork and go.
167.
You two stay and mind things."
168.
He went to the bank of the Jimi
169.
And carefully washed himself off.
170.
Did that lad ever look handsome
171.
As he jumped and came up from the bank.
172.
He got out his best bark belt
173.
And tightened it ‘round his waist.
174.
Over that he put on a woven one.
175.
What a bad boy was he!
i
Much as in U.S. Black Vernacular English, the use of the word kis 'bad' in this context is taken to mean 'really, really good'.
176.
As I watched he went on his way
177.
As I watch, tell me, what will you say?
178.
He jumped and went into the house.
179.
He tightened his wide bark belt.
180.
Over that he put on a woven one.
181.
And a beautifully colored loincloth
182.
Like the cascading Kaugel in flood
183.
He took some komiya cordyline
184.
And hung them down from the back.
185.
[MISSING LINE]
186.
...
187.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
188.
When you hear it, what will you say?
189.
Even the mosquitos discussed it.
190.
Even the flies made a stir.
191.
Well done, my lad, well done!
192.
You will hear and it goes like this
193.
He jumped and came into the house
194.
From his hip hung a sinsipai ax
195.
Then his big five-dollar hat
196.
He washed and carefully put on.
197.
He pulled it down over his head.
198.
He put on a beetle-wing headband
199.
And in the space between the two
200.
A band of sina possum fur.
201.
Now let me see how it goes.
202.
He put on some kudupal feathers
203.
And right in the middle of them
204.
Two bird-of-paradise plumes.
205.
And in the cleft between them
206.
A tongue of marsupial fur
207.
Like a person to watch over them.
208.
Well done, my lad, well done!
209.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
210.
He jumped and dashed into the house
211.
And daubed his pronged spear with white clay.
212.
He shouldered his long dala spear.
213.
His splendid sinsipai ax
214.
He bagged with its blade pointing back.
215.
"Mother what woman are you?
216.
Father what man are you?
217.
Take out the pork from the oven
218.
For the day's growing short" he said.
219.
"I'm headed off this way" he said.
220.
"It's good what you're doing, well done!
221.
So get on your way then" they said.
222.
They took the roast pork from the oven.
223.
"Father what man are you?"
224.
"You just come here" they said.
225.
"Well done, my lad, well done!"
226.
"You two stay here and watch
227.
Up there around Mount Nunga
228.
And if by chance some red clouds
229.
Should happen to come and go
230.
Then I'll never return from my travels.
231.
But if by chance some white clouds
232.
Should happen to come and go
233.
Then I'll return" he said.
234.
Then it was time to go.
235.
"Here, take some of the ribs.
236.
Eat them and stay here" he said.
237.
Then he headed right off for Mount Tuip.
i
The places named in the following 40 lines lie along the route from Kont's home at Ambukl, to the Highlands Highway (the main, east-west road through the Papua New Guinea Highlands).
238.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
239.
He went down old Mumand Ridge.
240.
And all the way up to Kumai.
241.
But he still had a long way to go.
242.
He went down Piya Ridge.
243.
He went down Kumai Ridge.
244.
Then he went up to Mindipu.
245.
But he still had a long way to go.
246.
He went down the ridge to Puyl Creek.
247.
And came up the other side.
248.
He went all the way up to Tapulka.
249.
And after he went up to Tapulka,
250.
He went all the way to Kubaliyl.
251.
But he still had a long way to go
252.
Splendid young lad that he was.
253.
He spotted Mount Tuip and kept going.
254.
Up, up, all the way to Wilyambi.
255.
Then he went down to Ambukl Kuru.
256.
We went down the slope to the Nebilyer.
257.
He went up the slope from the Neblilyer.
258.
He went up to Kuptilya Creek.
259.
He jumped across Kuptilya Creek.
260.
He went up to Warigli.
261.
Well done, my lad, well done!
262.
Splendid young lad that he was,
263.
He came to the place known as Warigli.
264.
He then went to Warigli Junction.
265.
You will hear, it went like this.
266.
You will see, it went like this.
267.
Even the mosquitos discussed it.
268.
The flies were making a sound
269.
"Now you just keep quiet" he said.
270.
Splendid young lad that he was.
271.
He walked to Waglipunda
272.
Then down into Piltaka Vale
273.
Then up out of Piltaka Vale
274.
And over to Tega he went.
275.
Then upward to Gland he went.
276.
Then up, up to Waibip he went.
277.
Then up to Kolkumulu he went.
278.
"He's mine" said another, you see.
279.
He just kept right on going.
280.
The flies made a buzzing noise.
281.
The mosquitos made a whining noise.
282.
At every place where he went
283.
In the sky it was flashing like lightning.
284.
"You be quiet" he said.
285.
"I've seen the smoke from a fire
286.
And that's where I'm going" he said.
287.
And with that he left and kept going.
288.
When you hear, what will you say?
289.
Going all the way up to Gland,
290.
He then climbed up to Kolkumulu.
291.
But he still had a long way to go.
292.
You will hear, it went like this.
293.
Going up, up to Kumilka,
294.
He went up, up Pungminga.
295.
He then walked right into Waninga.
296.
You will hear as the story unfolds
297.
Then down into Tokupa Vale
298.
Then up out of Tokupa Vale
299.
As I watched he went off on his way.
300.
When you hear it, what will you say?
301.
He then got to Tokupa Market,
302.
Then on to Kuglu Grassland
303.
Then up, up from Kuglu he went.
304.
You will hear as the story unfolds.
305.
Down into Keltika Vale,
306.
Across the Walta River,
307.
Up out of Walta Vale
308.
Up, up to Katika he went.
309.
Then down into Kitipang Vale,
310.
And then up from Kitipang he came.
311.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
312.
The mosquitos made a whining noise.
313.
The flies made a buzzing noise.
314.
"Now you just keep quiet" he said.
315.
"That woman called Tangapa of Ayamb
316.
Is up at Mount Ambra" they said.
317.
"I see that there's smoke here
318.
But I don’t really see
319.
So I want to keep going" he said.
320.
"Well done, my lad, well done!
321.
You can go by yourself" they said.
322.
So down into Keltika Vale
323.
And up out of Keltika Vale
324.
To Keltika market he went.
325.
Well done, my lad, well done!
326.
You will hear, it went like this.
327.
He went on to Minimb junction
328.
But he still had a long way to go.
329.
He walked up and then down to Keltika.
330.
To Keltika Graveyard he came.
331.
Well done, my lad, well done!
332.
He went up to Puglapugla.
333.
He still had a long way to go.
334.
He then went right in to New Town
335.
What a bad boy was he!
336.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
337.
He passed Hagen coffee factory.
338.
He still had a long way to go.
339.
You will hear, it went like this.
340.
He kept on and made it to Chinatown.
i
“Chinatown” is a row of mainly Chinese-run tradestores in the Western Highlands provincial capital Mount Hagen along a street that connects with the Highlands Highway at either end.
341.
Well done, my lad, well done!
342.
You will hear, it went like this.
343.
You will hear, and what will you say?
344.
He got to Kindang-Api bus stop.
345.
He still had a long way to go.
346.
Splendid young lad that he was
347.
On that long Highlands Highway
348.
Sometimes striding ahead
349.
Sometimes lagging behind.
350.
You will hear, it went like this.
351.
You will see, it went like this.
352.
What a bad boy was he!
353.
You will hear, and what will you say?
354.
You will hear as the story unfolds
355.
On that long Highlands Highway
356.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
357.
He jumped and went quickly ahead.
358.
You will hear, it went like this.
359.
You will hear, and what will you say?
360.
He walked up and then down to Dumbil.
361.
He still had a long way to go.
362.
You will hear, it went like this.
363.
He walked up and then down to Ati.
364.
You will hear, it went like this.
365.
He walked all the way to Kakamuga.
366.
Well done, my lad, well done!
367.
He came out at Kakamuga School
368.
He still had a long way to go.
369.
The mosquitos made a whining noise.
370.
The flies made a buzzing noise.
371.
"Now you just keep quiet" he said.
372.
That lady called Tangapa of Ayamb
373.
Was right up at Mount Ambra.
374.
"A place full of kutim-kopia plants
375.
And lots of choice edible ferns.
376.
That's where I'm bound for" he said.
377.
Well done, my lad, well done!
378.
He went down into Tauwu Vale.
379.
He came up from Tauwu Vale.
380.
He came out at old Bagl Hill.
381.
He crossed over old Bagl Hill.
382.
He reached the Kuk Road Junction
383.
Well done, my lad, well done!
384.
Going down, on down to Kindakl
385.
He then walked right up Mount Ambra
386.
There were acres of kutim-kopia plants,
387.
And lots of choice edible ferns.
388.
And that was indeed where she lived.
389.
The place was wonderfully fragrant.
390.
The place looked really fine.
391.
"You've really done well, well done!"
392.
He jumped and dashed into the house.
393.
What a bad boy was he!
394.
I watched and that's just how it went.
395.
You will hear, and what will you say?
396.
Every Ulka man alive,
397.
Every Upuka man alive,
398.
Every Kusik-Midipu man alive,
399.
Every Kopia-Kubuka man alive,
400.
Every Epola man alive,
401.
They all want to court that young lady
402.
"Now you just keep quiet" she said.
403.
"All of you handsome men,
404.
Of yesterday and the day before
405.
With whom I have stayed up all night.
406.
I see a man is coming.
407.
Whose house is he coming to visit?
408.
I want to stay and see"
409.
Said that Ayamb Tangapa.
410.
So she stayed in her house just looking,
411.
And peering outside she saw
412.
The boy from Ambukl named Konts
413.
Who had come all that way to see her.
414.
Well done, my lad, well done!
415.
The boy from Ambukl named Konts
416.
Jumped and dashed up to the house.
417.
And that lass from Ayamb called Tangapa
418.
Stayed there and looked outside
419.
Well done, my lad, well done!
420.
Mother what woman are you?
421.
Father what man are you?
422.
"I see someone coming to my house.
423.
What tribe is this man from?
424.
Now let us find out" she said.
425.
Well done, my lad, well done!
426.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
427.
That lass from Ayamb called Tangapa
428.
Stayed there a while then left
429.
And came outside to see.
430.
"We've an oven for roasting pigs.
431.
We've no oven for roasting people.
i
The expression in lines 430-431 is one that is commonly used in tom yaya tales of courtship at this point in the story — when the suitor has just arrived at the distant home of the young woman has come to court. Underlying it is an assumption that is commonly made by people in this part of New Guinea, that people from distant, unfamiliar places may be cannibals. So the implicit message conveyed by this pair of lines is “Relax, we are not cannibals who intend to eat you, but friends who intend to feed you”.
432.
So tell us, what brings you here?"
433.
"I've come like this" he said.
434.
"I haven't heard a word.
435.
I've just seen the smoke and come".
436.
"It's good what you've done" she said.
437.
She jumped and dashed into the house.
438.
Then taking a bag of cooked pork
439.
Said "I'm going to heat it up".
440.
Well done, my lad, well done!
441.
The flies made a buzzing noise.
442.
The mosquitos made a whining noise.
443.
"Now you just keep quiet" he said.
444.
All of those places he’d been to
445.
Grew shiny and sparkled with light.
446.
They all became beautiful and bright.
447.
Well done, my lad, well done!
448.
Having jumped and dashed into the house,
449.
She got out the pork bag and left it.
450.
What a bad woman was she!
451.
There was a mara wood log.
452.
He split it and stacked up the pieces.
453.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
454.
And then he took it out.
455.
Soot fell down from above.
456.
Dust fell down from there too.
457.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
458.
After she'd got out all the pork
459.
She started to split it up.
460.
You will hear as the story unfolds.
461.
When you've seen, what will you say?
462.
She heated up the stones,
463.
Reheated the pork and left it.
464.
She got out a machete knife
465.
and carried it on outside.
466.
You will hear, it went like this.
467.
She went into her garden shed
468.
And tied some sugar cane.
469.
Upon it a terikl bird nested.
470.
The flowers looked wonderfully fine.
471.
The blossoms looked wonderfully fine.
472.
And when she pulled up the cane,
473.
The rope spoke up by itself
474.
And the post spoke up by itself.
475.
"Now don't you make a sound!
476.
A man has come to my house"
477.
"Oh really? So what's the man's name?"
478.
"The man is called Ambukl Konts."
479.
Well done, my lad, well done!
480.
Then gathering up the cane
481.
And cutting the leaves off the top,
482.
She collected it bunch by bunch.
483.
You will hear as the story unfolds
484.
When you see, what will you say?
485.
She stripped off the leaves from the stalks.
486.
The stubs looked like young maidens' tears.
487.
You will hear as the story unfolds.
488.
She cut it in sections and stored it.
489.
It looked like a stack of cane.
490.
She took it into the house
491.
Saying "Now I'll take out the pork."
492.
"That's my job" she said.
493.
And that lad from Ambul named Konts
494.
Stayed and looked across
495.
While he chewed on the sweet sugarcane.
496.
The husks and the fibers he'd chewed
497.
He heaped in the corner of the house.
498.
The fleas attacked the pig-mites
499.
And bit off their little heads.
500.
The pig-mite said "Did I see?"
501.
The tick with his big belly
502.
Pig-mite bit and made it explode.
503.
"Is it my fault?" said the tick.
504.
I haven't done anything wrong.
505.
This cockroach here is a glutton.
506.
He threw these things at the wall.
507.
Well done my lad, well done
508.
"Whenever I eat and leave rubbish,
509.
This is always what happens" he said.
510.
Well done, my lad, well done!
511.
A splendid young lad he was.
512.
"Now leave all those things" she said.
513.
"Don't you fuss and fight.
514.
I'll carve up the pig" she said.
515.
"This big fat pig that’s here"
516.
Then who should step on the pig
517.
But the Melpa knife called mos.
518.
He said "I'm not going to cut it"
519.
Then up piped Meam bamboo knife.
520.
Saying "Be still, let me see!"
521.
He took the carcass down
522.
And cut it into quarters.
523.
It looked like smooth flat stones
524.
Well done, my man, well done!
525.
It looked like a little hill.
526.
She covered it and put it in place.
527.
With cupped hands she took it and offered it.
528.
The people accepted all 'round.
529.
And when they'd all taken their share,
530.
She said "Just leave my share there"
531.
The lass from Ayamp, Tangapa.
532.
She then went into the bedroom.
533.
She readied the sleeping mat.
534.
She readied the pandanus mat.
535.
"What man is this Ambul Konts?
536.
You sleep here" she said.
537.
"And I'll sleep over here".
538.
"I see you've made up a bed for me.
539.
You've done it very well"
540.
What a bad boy was he!
541.
He jumped and dashed into the bedroom.
542.
He laid himself down and slept.
543.
That loveliest of lasses
544.
Stayed out at first, then following,
545.
Came into the bedroom and slept.
546.
Well done, my lass, well done!
547.
They slept until it was daybreak.
548.
And then that splendid young lad,
549.
Lingering a while, then parting,
550.
Said "Now I'd better go
551.
While you stay on here" he said.
552.
But that Tangapa of Ayamp
553.
Said "I want to go with you".
554.
With her loincloth like a weir on the Nebilyer.
i
According to my translation assistants, the metaphor in this line (which is a commonly used one in tom yaya stories) likens the front middle part of Tangapa’s loin cover—the part over her labia—to the middle part of a weir that has been built across the Nebilyer River to channel its flow in order to catch fish. The Nebilyer is the biggest, most powerful river in the region. In the interpretation offered by my assistants, this metaphor in effect likens Randam’s erotic energy to the powerful, turbulent flow of the Nebilyer, which has been channelled and concentrated by a sluice gate just as hers has been channeled and concentrated on the male hero of this story, Konts.
555.
A festive bridal bag
556.
Hung down over her back.
557.
And, yes, she left with him too.
558.
Well done, my lass, well done!
559.
That Tangapa of Ayamp
560.
Said "I'm just a middling woman
561.
But you're a magnificent man".
562.
That lad Koj of Ambukl
563.
Said "I'm just a middling man
564.
but you're a magnificent woman".
565.
Well done, my lad, well done!
566.
"Now wait a minute" he said.
567.
"With your mother and your father
568.
I want to have a talk".
569.
"I want to go this way" she told them.
570.
"Very well then, my lass, well done!
571.
"You have my permission" he said.
572.
That woman of Ayamp called Tangopa
573.
Said "I want to go with you,
574.
With you, that magnificent man.
575.
I'll go this way with you."
576.
"What you're doing is good.
577.
We too have an oven for pork.
578.
But none for roasting people.
579.
I haven’t come to catch you.
580.
You're doing what you've chosen to do.
581.
So let's go for good" he said.
582.
Well done, my lad, well done!
583.
"Now we are going" he said.
584.
Tangapa's mother was there.
585.
Tears streamed down from both eyes.
586.
Little pools appeared
587.
And overflowed behind her.
588.
"I'm losing my best companion!
589.
What manner of man are you?"
590.
"It's Abul Konts who's come
591.
And is taking her with him" he said.
592.
When he smoked the smoke went up
593.
And billowed like clouds 'round a mountain.
594.
And there where he spat out the juice
595.
Fields of tobacco plants sprouted.
596.
In the heel prints he left as strode
597.
Little pools appeared.
598.
The story bids you, be still.
599.
You will hear, and what will you say?
600.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
601.
You will hear, it went like this.
602.
"There's an oven for roasting pigs.
603.
There's no oven for roasting people.
604.
I've come here to marry you" he said.
605.
Well done, my lad, well done!
606.
"That's Ayamb Tangapa.
607.
He's taking her along!" they said.
608.
"Go 'way, cane-grass tassles!" he said.
609.
And the smoke that went up in the sky
610.
Billowed like clouds 'round a mountain.
611.
Afraid that it would rain,
612.
people put up their umbrellas.
613.
And because of that splendid young lad,
614.
That lad from Ambul called Konts,
615.
Up there around Mount Ambra
616.
It glittered and flashed like lightning.
i
Alan Rumsey's assistants took this passage to mean that the light flashing over Mt. Ambra was due to Tangapa's strong feelings toward Konts.
617.
Passing a bed of bright coleus
618.
The lad walked on ahead.
619.
And the lass called Tangapa of Ayamb
620.
Followed him in rapture.
621.
Well done, my lad, well done!
622.
Like a beautiful flower in blossom,
623.
Like a beautiful flower in bloom.
624.
The story bids you, be still.
625.
And that splendid young lad,
626.
You will hear as the story unfolds,
627.
Walked on down the road from there
628.
And came to Kuk Road junction.
i
In this and the following 128 lines Konts returns with Tangapa to his home at Ambukl. Note that the places referred to during this homeward are largely the same as the ones referred to in the account of his outward journey in lines 237-380, in reverse order.
629.
From there he walked over to Bakl.
630.
He came to that place called Bakl Hill.
631.
He still had a long way to go.
632.
And then that splendid young lad
633.
Came down into Tauwu Vale
634.
Then up out of Tauwu Vale.
635.
He still had a long way to go.
636.
He came out at Kagamuga Schoolhouse.
637.
Then Kagamuga Betel Nut Market
638.
From there he came out at Ati.
639.
Well done, my lad, well done!
640.
You will hear, it went like this.
641.
From there he walked up to Dumbil.
642.
He still had a long way to go.
643.
From there he came up to Tega.
644.
Well done, my lad, well done!
645.
The bees made a whining noise.
646.
The flies made a buzzing noise.
647.
"Now you just keep quiet" he said.
648.
"That lass called Ayamb of Tangapa
649.
He's bringing her here!" they said.
650.
All the people who know him,
651.
That lad from Abul called Konts.
652.
That lass from Ayamb called Tangapa
653.
Had been courted by all the Jika
654.
And courted by all the Ulka
655.
And courted by the Kopia-Kumbuka
656.
And courted by the Tea-Dena
657.
And courted by the Kusika-Mindipu
658.
And courted by the Epogla-Alya
659.
And they all thought they'd win her hand.
660.
They'd been to her courting parties
661.
But they'd all gone in vain.
662.
"So where do you comecame from?
663.
They said to the one who won her.
664.
Well done, my lad, well done!
665.
They watched as the two of them came.
666.
Just then that sSplendid young lad
667.
Came back up the road to Tega
668.
Then further on up to Dumbil.
669.
Well done, my lad, well done!
670.
Then he came out at Mount Hagen.
671.
What you'll hear is exactly what happened.
672.
Up to Kiminingga he came
673.
Splendid young lad that he was.
674.
You will hear, and what will you say?
675.
You will see, and what will you say?
676.
Up to Hagen Market he came.
677.
You will hear as the story unfolds
678.
Splendid young lad that he was.
679.
On down to Chinatown he came.
680.
Well done, my lad, well done!
681.
You will see, and what will you say?
682.
And that splendid lad
683.
Came down to Hagen Coffee works.
684.
He still had a long way to go.
685.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
686.
And as for that splendid lad
687.
You will hear, it went like this.
688.
He came out at Awa Bakery
689.
Then he came out past Newat New Town.
690.
You will hear, it went like this.
691.
You will hear and what will you say?
692.
Well done, my lad, well done!
693.
He leaped and came bounding back.
694.
He came to the place called Palmuri.
695.
But he still had a long way to go.
696.
Splendid young lad that he was.
697.
Striding ahead he came.
698.
You will hear, it went like this.
699.
You will see and what will you say.
700.
The mosquitos made a whining noise.
701.
The flies made a buzzing noise.
702.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
703.
And as for that splendid young lad
704.
You will hear, it went like this.
705.
Back up to Puglapugla he walked.
706.
To Puglapugla workshop he came.
707.
He still had a long way to go.
708.
He came up to Keltika Graveyard.
709.
Walking down Keltika Rise
710.
And coming to Keltika Graveyard
711.
You will hear, it went like this.
712.
He arrived at Minimb Road junction.
713.
Upward he ran, then down.
714.
You will hear, but then where did he come?
715.
To Keltika Betel Nut Market
716.
Then onward down Keltika Rise.
717.
The people who knew him exclaimed
718.
It's the man from Ambukl named Konts!
i
Note that Konts, as he returns with his bride-to-be, is here for the first time referred to as the Ambul man Konts (abul yi koj), after having been referred to only as the Ambul boy (or 'lad') Konts (abul kang koj).
719.
And the woman from Ayamb called Tangapa
720.
Who's been up at Ambra so long!
721.
"He's bringing her with him" they said.
722.
"What kind of a man is this?"
723.
"It's the lad from Ambukl" they said.
724.
Well done, my lad, well done!
725.
The flies made a buzzing noise.
726.
The mosquitos made a whining noise.
727.
The ends of his loincloth fibres
728.
Looked like a market for maidens.
729.
The ends of his cordylene kilt
730.
Looked like a market for maidens.
731.
"You be still" he said.
732.
"That's the woman called Tangapa!"
733.
"Her nose makes her eyes look small
734.
And her eyes make her nose look small!"
735.
"He's bringing her with him" they said.
736.
"You've done very well" they said.
737.
That splendid young lad among lads
738.
Brought her along with him.
739.
You will hear, and what will you say?
740.
You will see, and what will you say?
741.
You will hear as the story unfolds
742.
He came down the Keltika rise
743.
And on down to Kitipang
744.
Well done, my lad, well done!
745.
He came Kitipang Hill
746.
And from Kitpang all the way up
747.
Till he came out Keltika School.
748.
He still had a long way to go.
749.
You will hear, but then how does it go?
750.
He came down Walta Ridge
751.
Then up the other side
752.
He still had a long way to go.
753.
He came up Kulu Ridge
754.
And down the other side.
755.
He came out at Ulka Grasslands
756.
And then he came up to Tokopa.
757.
He still had a long way to go.
758.
He walked on down Tokopa Vale
759.
You will hear, it went like this.
760.
Coming down into Turukl Glen
761.
And up out of Turukl Glen
762.
He made his way up to Waininga.
763.
He still had a long way to go.
764.
He came on down from Waininga
765.
Well done, my lad, well done!
766.
That boy from Ambukl named Konts.
767.
"The girl from Ayamb called Tangapa
768.
He's bringing today" they said.
769.
He came on past old Mount Tuip
770.
And then past the one called Mount Taip
771.
"My tubes of pTill he finally arrived back home.alm oil" he cried.
772.
And there all the people who knew him
773.
Said "Look, he's bringing her here!"
774.
"To the place where the smoke went up
775.
To Nunga, where clouds arose
776.
He went to have a look.
777.
You will see, and how does it go?
778.
Where he smoked his tobacco and spat
779.
Fields of tobacco sprouts grew.
780.
And the people from Ulka and Upuka
781.
Took them away to replant.
782.
That Abukl Konts's tobacco
783.
When he smoked and spat it out
784.
As for other men of that place
785.
When they smoke and spit theirs out
786.
Does tobacco sprout up like that?
787.
No, nothing of the kind.
788.
Now you for the very first time
789.
Are doing like that, tis said.
790.
What a bad boy was he!
791.
You will hear, it went like this.
792.
From Pungimi Peak he walked down.
793.
Down he came to Kumilka.
794.
Then down to Kolkumuglu he came.
795.
You will hear, it went like this.
796.
Down he came to Waipip.
797.
Then down to the place called Glant.
798.
Well done, my lad, well done!
799.
Then that splendid young lad
800.
Pressed on towards here from Tega.
801.
The Kulka people who live there
802.
Wondered aloud to each other
803.
"Looks like Konts the from Ambukl!
804.
And the lass from Ayamp called Tangapa!
805.
He went with a bag full of pork
806.
Now look what he's bringing!" they said
807.
Well done, my lad, well done!
808.
"You can go that way" they said.
809.
Then on up to Warigli he went.
810.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
811.
You will hear, it went like this.
812.
Then that wickedest of boys
813.
Jumped and went on ahead
814.
And the lass from Ayamp called Tangapa
815.
Laughed and followed him on
816.
"Now please go gently" he said.
817.
"For this is my relatives' place.
818.
These are my kinfolk" he said
819.
Well done, my lass, well done!
820.
"Now you walk in front" he said
821.
Then he came out at Warigli
822.
You will hear, it went like this.
823.
You will hear, and what will you say?
824.
He came down from Waglipunda
825.
You will hear as it goes like this
826.
He came back up to Warigli
827.
You will hear, it went like this.
828.
Down Kuptilyi Ridge he came.
829.
From Kuptilyi Ridge towards here.
830.
Splendid young lad that he was.
831.
Down Nebilyer ridge he came
832.
And up the other side
833.
He still had a long way to go.
834.
Up to Ambukl Graveyard he came
835.
And then he came out at Wilyambi
836.
And then on down to Kumbagliyl
837.
Well done, my lad, well done!
838.
Onward he pressed, down to Tapugla
839.
Splendid young lad that he was.
840.
Down Puyl Embankment he came
841.
And up the other side.
842.
He then came out up at Mindipu.
843.
You will hear, it went like this.
844.
He walked up Kumai Ridge
845.
He still had a long way to go.
846.
On and on, up to Ambukl
847.
You will hear, and what will you say?
848.
That was the place where he lived
849.
That was the place where he stayed
850.
It shimmered and sparkled ahead.
851.
Well done my lad, well done!
852.
Splendid young lad that he was
853.
Just like legends and tales.
854.
"Mother what woman are you?
855.
Father what man are you?
856.
The womaen I went to get
857.
I'm bringing back now" he said.
858.
What are the two of you looking at?
859.
I am looking at you".
860.
Well done, my lad, well done!
861.
"Mother what woman are you?
862.
Father what man are you?
863.
My prize that I went in search of
864.
I'm bringing back now" he said.
865.
"Well done, my lad, well done!
866.
I've an oven for roasting pigs
867.
But none for roasting people
868.
You, that worthless boy
869.
Have really done well" said his father
870.
"My one and only son"
871.
Those were the words that he said.
872.
The lad Ambukl Konts, you see
873.
With the parents-in-law-to-be
874.
Had set a date for the marriage.
875.
The fattest of fattened pigs
876.
He roasted and laid up the pork.
877.
In the stalls were pigs and cassowaries.
878.
All of those big fat pigs
879.
He took out and put on display.
880.
All of those thousands in cash
881.
He raised and got ready to give.
882.
He sent word for her kinfolk to come
883.
On the date that had been set.
884.
They'd came and assembled there
885.
"I'm about to begift you folks now
886.
It's yours for the taking" he said.
887.
That splendid young lad, you see
888.
Had vast herds of pigs of his own.
889.
You will hear, and what will you say?
890.
You will see as the story unfolds
891.
All of those stall-fulls of cassowaries
892.
He took out and lined them up.
893.
Putting all of these things out, he said
894.
"I'm giving them all to you".
895.
The woman's people replied
896.
"There's nothing that we can say
897.
You've given so much we're stuck dumb"
898.
So we'll take it and go" they said
899.
A share of it they returned
i
The return by the bride Tangapa's parents of a portion of the bridewealth to the groom Konts', referred to as 'holding and giving back', is a standard practice in this region, said to be an expression of gratitude and intention of continuing good relations between the wife's people and the husband’s.
900.
And then that splendid young lad
901.
So the story goes
902.
Took it, came back and stayed.
903.
Splendid young lad that he was.
904.
They then lived as husband and wife
905.
She bore him two fine sons
906.
The first of these wonderful lads
907.
Let me see, what was his name?
908.
Manaki the boy of Warap
i
The name Manaki comes from the Tok Pisin word Manaki (from English 'monkey'), meaning 'boy''.
909.
And what was the other boy's name?
910.
Laki, the boy of Ambukl
i
"Laki" comes from the Tok Pisin word laki, 'lucky'.
911.
That splendid young man Ambukl Konts
912.
Had given them those two names
913.
Well done, my lad, well done!
914.
Just as in legends and tales
915.
Well done, my lad, well done!
916.
Those two fine young sons
917.
Grew up as young lads will do
918.
As for their future homes
919.
Their father, what was his name
920.
Konts, the lad from Ambukl
921.
Regarding their future homes
922.
Himself had made careful plans.
923.
He laid things away for their future
924.
Well done, my lad, well done!
925.
You will hear, and what will you say?
926.
You will see, and what will you say.
927.
He went up to Paku Nut Grove.
928.
And for them he planted pandanus.
i
The am trees that Konts is said here to have planted are a kind of pandanus (pandanus julianettii), which produce delicious and nutritious nuts, but need many years to grow before they begin to bear them. So bBy planting them for his sons when they are still very young, Konts is providing for their future.
929.
And made for them gardens of sweet potato.
930.
These were the things he prepared.
931.
Meanwhile the boys grew up.
932.
And splendid young lads they were.
933.
One day some other lads came
934.
Men from Mindipu tribe
935.
Men from Kulka tribe
936.
Men from Kopia and Kumbuka
937.
"We're going to a courting house" they said
i
Courting parties of the kind referred to here were formally a regular feature of Western Highlands social life. They were held in the evening at a house where one or more visiting unmarried young women would sit in front of a fire (carefully tended by an older woman of the house to make sure it did not go out) and men from the region would be invited to come and sing courting songs to them. While they were doing this, the men would take turns sitting beside each of the eligible young women, both the man and women bobbing their heads in time with the music and periodically bringing them together until their cheeks touched, bobbing forward and down and back up in this position then turning till their noses touched (see also Stewart and Strathern 2002:24)
938.
"You two should come along"
939.
Well done, my lad, well done!
940.
Into their house the boys went
941.
They tightened their fine bark belts
942.
And over those their woven belts.
943.
Their father Ambul Konts then said
944.
"My fine sons Manki and Laki
945.
Where are you two going?"
946.
"We're going over this way" they said
947.
"We're going to sing courting songs
948.
All of us men have decided
949.
All those who are here"
950.
Well done, my lad, well done!
951.
That splendid lad Ambukl Konts
952.
Said "OK you two can go".
953.
Their mother was sittingsittting there too.
954.
Their mother and also their father.
955.
The two of them stayed right there.
956.
They wanted to have more children.
957.
That's what they stayed and discussed
958.
Staying there inside the house
959.
While their two sons went out courting
960.
Over the countryside.
961.
They went to sing courting songs
962.
Some lasses came to the door
963.
While others lined up in the house
964.
The lads then rushed on in
965.
One sat at a young lady's side
966.
And the other sat down at another's
967.
They head-danced with each one in turn
968.
Up one line and down the other.
969.
And after they'd finished courting
970.
The two of them said "Let's go home."
971.
And as they got on their way
972.
Two lasses followed behind.
973.
"Where are you going?" asked the girls
974.
"Our father's a very bad man.
975.
He'll hit us again" they said.
976.
"He never listens to talk
977.
So we think he'll probably hit us.
978.
We have no pigs or bridewealth
979.
So you should go back" they said.
980.
But the lasses ignored this and came.
981.
Well done, my lasses, well done!
982.
"Alright then, come quietly" they said.
983.
So the lasses then went on ahead.
984.
The lads took them down to their home
985.
And there their mother was waiting.
986.
She said "Boys where have you been?"
987.
They said "this is what we've been doing".
988.
"I sleep in the men's house" said Konts.
989.
"I'm not a rich man" he said.
990.
"You two have come here for nothing.
991.
You'll only be angry with me.
992.
You two unmarried young ladies
993.
Have come in vain" he said.
994.
Very well then, my lad, well done!
995.
"You two stay here", he said.
996.
And he left those ladies right there.
997.
In my mind's eye the story unfolds.
998.
That man of Ambukl named Konts
999.
Flew off to another mountain.
1000.
Then off to another he flew.
1001.
As he flew 'round from place to place
1002.
He gathered up all kinds of wealth.
1003.
He brought many people back with him.
1004.
"Two ladies have come and are waiting.
1005.
I want to give bridewealth" he said.
1006.
All of those kin folk of his
1007.
Gave so much he nearly fell down.
i
The literal meaning of terip-nga tarip turum is 'It flopped from side to side', the 'it' referring to Konts's apron or pubic cover. The humorous meaning here is that, having been given so much wealth from the people he solicited it from, he had so much to carry that it was hard to walk without his apron flopping in this way, unwittingly exposing his private parts.